Combination lock



May 10, 1932. s. KONAT comsxm on LOCK 2 Shets-Sheet 1 Filed July 8. 1929 2% WW HZ Sta/2 Z7 lanai y 1932. s. KONAT 1,857,198

' COMBINATION LOCK Filed .July 8. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR F ATTOiNEY Patented May 10,1932

STATES;

STANLEY KONAT, or nnrnojrr, MICHIGAN COMBINATION nocx Application filed July 8', 1929.. Serial No.. 376,553.. 1..

This invention relates to locks, and particularly to combination locks.

An object of the invention is to adapt the bolt of a door lock to be freely actuatedfrom I the inside of a door, while preventing retraction of said bolt from the outside, except,

through manipulation of combination lock tumblers.

Another object is to effect the actual retraction ofa lock bolt by manipulating a set of tumblers, rather than merely releasing said bolt by said tumblers for the purpose of subsequent manually effected retraction.

A further object is to provide forthe nor-.

mal projection of a lock bolt by a suitable spring, and to adapt said bolt to be automatically retracted responsive to manipula-,

tion of a set of tumblers, accordin terinined combination. Q 1

Still another object is to provide a novel means for placing frictional restraint upon the disk tumblers of a combination lock,

to a predewhereby each will retain its set position regardless of asubsequent actuation ,of theremaining tumblers.

A still further object is to form the parts of a combination lockof sheet metal stampings, such as may be inexpensively produced in quantity lots and are suited for. compact assembly in a casing. o

These and various other ob ects the invention attains by the construction hereinafter.

described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig.1 is an exterior view of that portionof a door to which the lock is applied.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the lockwith its cover plate removed.

Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of the tumbler mechanism of the lock, the'casing cover, the bolt and guide plate for the bolt being removed.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the lock taken on the line 44 of 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4 of Fig. 4. i

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view same taken on the line 55" of- Fig.1. 50 Fig. 6 is a side view of the bolt and aspring bf the tions thickened to form (See Fig. 5.).

abutment member. having a unitary connection with said belt. I

Fig. 7 is a section taken" upon the line f Fig. 6,.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the several tumblers of the lock arranged in the order of their assembly and in unlockingposition.

' v v Fig. 9 is a side View of the tumbler which is initially set in an unlocking operation. 7

' v Fig. 10 is a side view of the tumbler which is next set. v I F "g. 11 is a side view ofthe last slotted tumbler to be set.

p F ig. 12 is a side view of the cam shaped tumbler which actuates all the others.

Inthese viewsrthe reference character 1 designates a lock casing attached to the rear ofa face plate 2 and mortised into a. door 2a,

as is common practice. One of the side walls 3 of said casing forms a cover plate removable for access to the lock mechanlsm and is normally attached tothe casing by screws 4 or the like. A partition 5 parallel to the face plate is rigidlyextended within said casing from top to bottom thereof. Slidable in said casing is abolt comprising a rectangular sheet metalplateG formed with a large rec tangular opening 7 and 'having aforwardly projecting shank 8 terminally carrying a relatively thick bolt'head 9 bevel ed and fitted in an opening of the face plate, as is customary- Said bolt lies closely adj acent to the cover plate 3, and it's portion 6 engages a sheet metal guide plate 10 removably seated in the casing, and having its top and bottom porguides for thebolt.

a lost motion connection between the bolt and i a movable abutment forsaid spring. Said abutment is formed by a strip of metal, the mid portion 17 of'which is U-shaped to slidably engage the extension l3.' Said strip is upwardly and downwardly offset from the 1 part 17 to seat the spring 14', and is extended oforwardlyab ove and below the springas inlatter is rearwardly urged by a pair of coiled springs 21 extending from its end portions 19 to the partition 5.-

.- Rearward travel of saidabutment member is normally resisted by a suitable number of coaxial tumbler, disks, fourbeing used-in the illustrated construction and designated irespectively 22, 23, 24 and 25. The disk '22 is rigidly carried bya bushing 26 journaled in the fixed side wall of th ecasing,andon which "theta-sing projecting at each side thereof.-

"able; Said hashing i the tumblers'23, 24 and are freely rotatkeyed,ia's"-indic'ated*at 27., to a control stem 28 rota'tiv'ely carried-b The disk 22 rigidly carries a pinj29which prejeets into ar' uate sio't eo termed in the disks23, 24 and '25, and =difi'ering'in {circumferential extent. "(See Fig The tum tiers "23, "24 and 25 are fnrthe'rrnore each formed with a rad-ialfslot 3 1 registrablewith each other and with the abutment-part 1-7, in

certain positions of said tumblers 'to permit retraction of the abiitme'ntby' the springs 21. The disk 22 has its periphery corresponding to that of the other tumblers through approximately a semi-circle, an'dfthe bala'n'ce of aid periphery is of a-reentra it cam form, as indicated at32. Thusw'hen the mid portion of the Cainedge 32'is registered with the slots and also withthe rear portion 1 of said ahiftm'eri t member, the latter is free for retraction *by the springs 21. Also, the cam edge '32 adapts the disk 22 to project the abutment member 17 from a retracted posi- @tichto tfhatishcwn'in Fig.- 2.

The outer 'end of the stem "28 rigidly carrie's a handle 33, and. adjacent thereto there is: frigidlymonnted uiponsaid-stem '(a's bjy means 1 f "ofthe key 27) a dial pla'tet3'4 marginally':' graduated and numbered in "accordance with common practice, as indicated at 3'5. Said Zpla'te niay he adjusted by rotation of the han- --d1e33yvith reference "to any suitable fixed in- 7 tier mark- 36..

Upon the stem 28 "within the opening 7 o f theb'o'lt, is loosely niount'edfa collar "37 Which rigidly carries an a proximately triangular cam 38 for retracting the bolt. Said collar "is diametri'cali slotte'd as indicated at 39 tor eii'gageiiierrt by tongues 40 formed on one end of a sleeve 4-1, loosely engaging "the stem 28 and journaled in the "cover plate 3.

' 'z'if) handle in the de'sc'rib'ed position.

a pin 43 'w'vhichmou'nls the handle upon said I Said sleeve projects at the inside of the door substantially coertensiv'ely with the stem 28 and rigidly carries a handle 42. Any suitable provision ismade for holding 'said'sieeve Thus sleeve niayexteiid sufiiciently' into the latter "to engage in an annular "groove 44 formed in the end portion of the stem. Thus the handle and sleeve are held in place on the stem while free to turn thereon.

WVhen the tumblers 22, 23, 24 and 25 are being manipulated, it is necessary to prevent their frictional contact one with another in iiig'periphei-alry on the tumblers. Thus the tumblers 23 and 25 are each engaged by a pair of elements 45 pivoted upon pins 46 rigidly secured to theiixed side wall of the casing above and below the tumblers. ineiits eiiten'd re'arwart'tly-troni said pivot pins, and the rear'ends of each pair-ofsaid elements are so cennected through a tension stir-h1g4? as to' s'ubj'ect the disks 23 a'nd 2'5 to a slight radial "pressure. Furthermore, each element 45"c'a-rr ies a pair "of spacer plates 48 'iiiap'gihai ly embracing the fcorresponding tumbler 23 or 25 and holding the tumblers 23,24 and25 out of contact. Oneofthe element earthen-more preferably carries a spring am "49 secured at one end upon said element and bearing at its oth'er end peripherally on "the tumbler 24.

, I-f he tumblerc'lisks aire not accurately of the same diameter-{the abutm'ent member 17, '18, 1 9 may undergo ayery slight rearward actuation each tumbler slot 31 is regis- "ter'ed with the rear end pf said 'menib er, iand the resulting clickl might possibly indicate the proper "setting- 0fthe tumblers'toone unianiiliar with the combination. It is preferred therefore to mislead any person attefiip'tin g unauthorized 'inairipulation of "the lock by producing sliglitelicksat points in the rotation of the tu'niblers other than their'u nlo'ck in g points. Thus, the pressure- :rting edges of the elements 45 are made ghtly 'V-"sfha'ped at their "bearing points so that the latter ni'ay'advance slightly into th slots 31 when registered therewith, producslight clicks that will have the desired ef- 'ect.'" l n theuse tithe-described lock, when the inside handle 42 is turned, the sleeve turns therewith'anl through its tongue and slot" connection to the colla 'r-37, rocks thecarm '38. The upper or lower ends ofthe latter, (accordingto the direction of tnrning'of the handle), thusexert pressure on the rear edge of, the opening 7 to retract the bolt. "During such operation-,the abutment member 17, 18, 19 maintains its normal position, since its rear end engages the edges of the tumbler disks. The spring 14 will be compressed by. such retraction, and on released the inside handle again projects the bolt. e

To open the door from the outside,, the dial plate 34 is mani ulated by the handle 33 to successively register certain of its marginal iiiarkingswiththe index mark 36. The intumbler 24 to register its radial slot with that of the dial 25. A further reversal of the dial plate similarly brings the radial slot of the tumbler 23 into proper position, and a' final reversal of said plate registers the reentrant cam edge of the tumbler 22 with the members A 17, 18, 19, allowing the springs 21 to retract The latter acts through the said member. pin 16 upon the bolt to also retract the latter,

without increased stress upon the spring 14. Thus, it is seen that the retraction of the bolt responsive to manipulation of the tumblers is entirely automatic and involve no other operation than that of turning the handle and dial to the proper successive positions.

Almost all of the described parts may be cheaply stamped from sheet metal, and be cause of the slight thickness of this material, said parts may be very compactly assembled in a casing.

While it will be apparent that the illustrated embodiment of my invention'herein disclosed is well calculated to adequately fulfill the objects and advantages primarily stated, it is to be understood that the invenspring in the normal position of the abutment, and a retraction of the abutment is adapted to retract the bolt, means yieldably urging said abutment rearwardly, aplurality of coaxial tumblers normally resisting rearward actuation of said abutment and c0- acting in certain set positions to perm it such actuation, means operable from one side of the casing for setting said tumblers andmeans operable from the other side of the casing for freely retracting the bolt relative to said abutment.

2. A look comprising a casing, a bolt slidable in said casing, and having a longitudinally slotted portion, a spring embracing said portion, projecting the bolt, an abutment for the rear end of said spring, a pin carried by said abutment extending through said slot, means urging said abutment rearwardly, a plurality of coaxial tumblers normally resisting rearward actuation of said abutment and having set positions permitting such actuation, means actuable from one side of the casing for setting said tumblers,

and means actuable from the other side ofv the casing for freely retracting, said bolt relative to said abutment.

3. A look comprising a casing, a bolt slidablein said casing, a spring normally proj ecting the bolt, an abutment for said spring rearwardly movable to render said spring ineffective, means establishing a lost motion connection between said bolt and abutment,

means yieldably urging said abutment rearwardly, a plurality oftumblers mounted rearwardly of said abutment and normally resisting its rearward travel, a stem rotative in said casing coaxially mounting said tumblers, means carriedby said stem for setting said tumblers to permit retraction of said abutment, a member carried by said stem at one side of the casing for rotating the stem to set said tumblers, meansrotative upon said stemfor retracting the vboltindependently of said abutment, and an actuating member for said means at the other side of said casing.

4. A lock comprising a plurality of coaxial disk tumblers and an element pivoted adjacent to said tumblers and peripherally bear ing upon one thereof andhaving portions spacing said tumblers from the adjoining tumblers, and means yieldably maintaining pressure of said element upon the tumbler engaged thereby.

5. A look comprising a casing, a bolt slidable in said casing and provided with a head at its forward end, a coiled spring located rearwardly of said head and forwardly acting on said head,an abutment engaging the rear end of said spring comprising portions forwardly projecting at opposite sides of said spring, and compirsing outward extensions from theforward ends of said portions, a pair of springs engaged with said extensions and urging the abutment rearwardly, a plurality of coaxial tumblers located rearwardly of said abutment and each periphera-lly'formed with a notch, said notches being registrable through rotation of said tumblers with said abutment to permit its retraction, means establishing a lost motion connection between said bolt and abutment permitting retracting of thebolt independently of the aubtment, and adapting the abutment to retract the bolt, and means for re tracting the bolt independently of said abutment.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification. I I STANLEY KONAT. 

